The influenza virus is highly variable. Each year it changes. It is therefore essential to have an international monitoring system. The purpose of this monitoring is to detect the earliest possible influenza strain that escapes the vaccination or the appearance of a new strain. Such events are the cause of pandemics famous “Spanish flu” (1918-19), The HongKong flu (1957), the Asian flu (1968). The system allows the rapid characterization of circulating strains to make recommendations on the composition of the annual vaccine against influenza.